PaRDeS is an ancient Jewish methodology for studying sacred texts that invites readers to explore scripture on multiple levels. This methodology, used for centuries by Jewish Rabbis, is not merely for the Torah. This introduction to the methodology will provide students with a structured approach for exploring the layers of scripture. By engaging with the literal, hinted, interpretive, and mystical dimensions, students can deepen their understanding of the scriptures. By deepening our understanding of the scriptures, we can deepen our personal relationship with God. Throughout this class we will use this method to discuss the Bible, the Book of Mormon, and the Plates of Brass, drawing closer to God’s light and truth.
Introduction to the Orchard
The term PaRDeS itself is an acronym for four Hebrew words: Peshat (Literal), Remez (Hint), Derash (Homiletical or Interpretive), and Sod (Mystical). The word is Hebrew for “orchard.” Each level represents a deeper layer of understanding, moving from the surface meaning of the text to its symbolic and spiritual depths, like walking through an orchard, eating the fruit of the trees. This method originated within Rabbinic Judaism as a way to engage with the Torah, providing a structured yet dynamic approach to interpretation. It reflects the belief that scripture is divinely inspired and layered with wisdom that transcends a single reading.
Over time, PaRDeS has been embraced by scholars, mystics, and believers as a way to uncover profound truths while remaining grounded in the text itself. The popularity of PaRDeS lies in its versatility and depth, making it an effective tool for both intellectual study and spiritual growth. By starting with the plain meaning (Peshat), readers establish a foundational understanding before delving into subtler hints (Remez), interpretive lessons (Derash), and mystical insights (Sod). This layered approach ensures that scripture is not reduced to mere literalism or abstract allegory but is appreciated in its fullness.
PaRDeS works because it mirrors the complexity of human experience and divine truth. It encourages exploration, reflection, and personal application of the scriptures. For those studying texts like the Bible, the Book of Mormon, and the Plates of Brass, PaRDeS offers a way to connect deeply with scripture, uncover hidden connections, and align with God’s will on every level of understanding. Let’s explore how this method deepens understanding, fosters reflection, and encourages actionable insights.
Peshat: The Literal Layer
The Peshat layer represents the most straightforward and literal interpretation of scripture. It focuses on the plain meaning of the text, considering historical, linguistic, and cultural contexts to uncover what the author intended to communicate to the original audience. This foundational layer is essential for understanding the baseline message of scripture, providing clarity and grounding for deeper exploration. In the Peshat stage, readers seek to answer the question, “What is the text saying directly?” By engaging with this level, students of scripture establish a firm grasp of the narrative, commandments, or teachings as they are plainly written.
Scripture Passage for Discussion
And my father dwelt in a tent.” -1 Nephi 1:46 [2:15]
By exploring this simple verse through the PaRDeS, its depth and richness are revealed, offering insights into faith, humility, obedience, and the sanctity of creating a space for divine communion. Here, “And my father dwelt in a tent” simply describes the living situation of Lehi, Nephi’s father, during their journey in the wilderness. The passage indicates that Lehi and his family had left Jerusalem and were now living in a nomadic setting. The tent is a practical shelter, emphasizing their temporary dwelling as they traveled. It reflects the sacrifices and hardships associated with obeying God’s command to leave their home.
Discussion
How does understanding the plain meaning of scripture lay the foundation for deeper study?
Discussion Questions
If you are taking this course independently, please use the quiz to turn in your answers.
- From the literal perspective (Peshat), what does Mosiah 8:82 [16:9] (“He is the light and the life of the world…”) explicitly teach about Christ’s role?
- In Neum 2:8, what plain meaning emerges about pouring out libations?
- How does 2 Nephi 1:95-96 [2:14] describe God’s role in creation using straightforward terms?
- What do 1 Moses 13:31 and Melchizedek 14:2 teach about God’s eternal nature and covenant in a literal sense?
- How do the instructions in Mosiah 3:8-11 [5:7-8] relate to covenant responsibilities in their plain meaning?
Suggestions for Action
- Practice reading a scripture passage and summarizing its plain meaning in one or two sentences.
- Write a reflection on how the literal teachings of one scripture apply to your daily life.
- Discuss the plain meaning of a chosen scripture with a family member or study group.
Meditation
Read a verse or passage of scripture slowly, focusing on its most straightforward meaning. Imagine yourself in the context of the text—what is happening, and what does it say explicitly?